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Everyone

Processors include ...

• Comparators - Convert Analogue to Digital:
  This compares two analogue voltages.
  If one voltage is more than the other, the comparator's digital output goes high.
  If one voltage is less than the other, the comparator's digital output goes low.
• Counters:
  Count in binary.
  They can be used to control machinery. When the counter reaches a particular number, a machine might operate.
  They can be used for timing. The counter might count hours, minutes and seconds or even milliseconds for measuring human reaction time.
• Amplifiers:
  These increase the magnitude of the input signal.
• Timers:
  Cause actions to happen after exact amounts of time have passed.
• Logic:
  Make decisions involving a number of digital input signals.
  Logic circuits are often used for safety so the action can only take place if all the safety tests pass.
• Memory:
  This is important in computers where vast amounts of data must be processed and stored.
  The smallest memory device is the latch which stores a single bit of data.
• Converters between Analogue and Digital:
  Logic circuits can not process analogue signals.
  Analogue signals from nature must be converted into digital before logic circuits can process then.
  Digital signals representing music or video must be converted back to analogue before being sent to the loudspeaker or video screen.
• Microcontrollers:
  These are computer systems on a single chip.
  They can be programmed to perform logic tasks.
  Some microcontrollers have built-in timers and digital to analogue converters.
  Electronics problems can often be solved more cheaply using a microcontroller.

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